PILUH (Root)
Piluh consists of root bark of Salvadora persica Linn. var. wightiana (Planch.ex Thw.) Verdc, syn. S. persica Linn. (Fam.Salvadoracem), a perennial, woody, glabrous shrub, distributed in the arid tracts of Punjab and north western parts of India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Gudaphalah, Pilukah, Sransi
Assamese : —
Bengali : Jhaal, Peelugaach
English : Tooth brush Tree, Saltbush
Gujrati : Khaaree jaal, Peelu
Hindi : Jhak, Kharjaal, Peelu, Pilu
Kannada : Genumar, Gonimara, Kankhina
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Uka
Marathi : Khakhan, Pilu
Oriya : Kotungo, Toboto
Punjabi : Peelu
Tamil : Chittuva, Kotumaavali, Perungoli, Uthaiputtai
Telugu : Gogu, Gunia, Varagogu
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
The root bark is 2 to 3 mm thick, woody, channeled; pale brown with longitudinal wrinkles, exhibiting scars of roots and rootlets; inner surface creamish to yellowishbrown; fracture, short and smooth; odour, foetid and taste characteristic.
b) Microscopic
The bark shows a wide zone of cork occupying half of the transection; cork cells differentiated into two zones, outer zone consisting of small rectangular cells whereas the lower cells are larger, rectangular and tangentially elongated; phellogen single layered; the phelloderm consist of 10 to 20 layers of thin walled tangentially elongated parenchyma cells with small intercellular spaces; it is followed by a wide phloem being traversed by 2 to 5 seriate medullary rays; the phloem consists of usual element, a few fibres and isolated stone cells; several parenchyma cells are thick walled and arranged in somewhat radial rows in which stone cells and fibres are scattered; prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate are present in the parenchyma cells of outer phloem and phelloderm regions.
Powder – Powder shows fragments of cork cells, thin walled parenchyma cells, thick walled and pitted parenchyma cells, prisms of calcium oxalate, fragment of thin walled fibres and stone cells, with thick walled and narrow central lumen.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 15 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 25 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on Silica gel 60 plate (Merck), using Chloroform: Toluene; Methanol (10:75:15), shows under UV (254nm) one yellow fluorescence spot at Rf.0.46; on exposure to Iodine vapours four yellow spots appear at Rf. 0.17, 0.30, 0.46 and 0.67; on spraying with vanillin sulphuric acid and heating the plate at 110oC for 10 minutes, seven spots appear at Rf. 0.11 (blue), 0.17, 0.23 (both violet), 0.30 (yellow), 0.35, 0.46 and 0.67 (all blue).
CONSTITUENTS – β-sitosterol and elementral γ- monoclinic sulphur (S-8) and glucotropmolin isolated from root.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Sara, Snigdha, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Sirovirecaka, Sothahara, Bhedana, Dipana, Kaphahara, Rasayana, Vatahara, Vedanasthapana, Vidahi, Virecana
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Arsakuthara Rasa, Vaidurya Rasayana, Chitrakhadiya Taila, Triphaladi Gutika, Naracaka Curna, Vilvakhadhi Lepa, Pippalyadi Gutika
THERAPEUTIC USES – Asmari, Arsa, Bastivikara, Bhagandara, Dustavrana, Anaha, Gulma, Jvara, Krmi, Mutrakrcchra, Madyaja Trsna, Mukhapaka, Pliharoga, Sarpavisa, Udavarta, Udararoga, Vatarakta, Vrana, Yonivyapat, Nadivrana, Vranasotha, Sarvakustha, Apaci
DOSE – 10-20 g for decoction.
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